Ponniyin Selvan I movie poster showing actor Sarathkumar as Periya Paluvettaraiyar and actor Parthiban as Chinna Paluvettaraiyar. In 2024, Oxford University Press published Minor Majesties: The PaluvÄ“á¹á¹araiyars and Their South Indian Kingdom of PaluvÅ«r, 9th–11th Centuries A.D ., a groundbreaking study by historian Valerie Gillet. In the book’s opening chapter, A Tentative Biography of the Paluvettaraiyars , Gillet delves into the lineage and origins of this influential fami ly. These Chola warlords traced their lineage to the formidable Maravars, an ancient warrior tribe renowned for their valor. However, I believe that while the Paluvettaraiyars were indeed of Maravar descent, they likely forged alliances through intermarriage with those of the Kallar and Agambadiyar clans, further solidifying their power and influence. Prominent figures in the medieval Chola era, the Paluvettaraiyars played a pivotal role in shaping the empire’s political and military landscape. Through st...
The Pandyan kingdom went into decline after the Cholas of the Vijayalaya bloodline defeated them in the beginning of the 10th century AD. We can say that the Pandyans lived under the shadow of the Chola empire for about 300 years. Around 1220 AD or earlier, the Pandyans start regaining their strength. They finally destroyed the Cholas and as of 1279 AD, they reigned supreme in the Tamil region. During the zenith of the Pandyan empire in the late 13th century AD, they were said to be the richest empire in the world. The Pandyan empire was visited by the famed traveler Marco Polo in 1293 AD. Let's take a look at what Marco Polo has said about the Pandyan empire in his journal. I have referred to The Travels of Marco Polo, as translated by Henry Yule and The Travels of Marco Polo The Venetian by William Marsden & John Masefield. Whatever I have given here is very brief. You will need to read the full chapter of the journals if you want more information. Marco P...