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Chola Warlords: Who Were the Paluvettaraiyars?

Ponniyin Selvan I movie poster showing actor Sarathkumar as Periya Paluvettaraiyar and actor Parthiban as Chinna Paluvettaraiyar. In 2024, Oxford University Press published  Minor Majesties: The Paluvēṭṭaraiyars and Their South Indian Kingdom of Paluvūr, 9th–11th Centuries A.D ., a groundbreaking study by historian Valerie Gillet. In the book’s opening chapter, A Tentative Biography of the Paluvettaraiyars , Gillet delves into the lineage and origins of this influential fami ly.  These Chola warlords traced their lineage to the formidable Maravars, an ancient warrior tribe renowned for their valor. However, I believe that while the Paluvettaraiyars were indeed of Maravar descent, they likely forged alliances through intermarriage with those of the Kallar and Agambadiyar clans, further solidifying their power and influence. Prominent figures in the medieval Chola era, the Paluvettaraiyars played a pivotal role in shaping the empire’s political and military landscape. Through st...
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Minoan Bulls and Basque Goddess - A Possible Tamil Connection?


SOURCE: Dr. N. Lahovary in "Dravidian Origins and the West", published by Orient Longmans, Bombay, 1963

Spain is known for its sports involving bulls. They have bullfighting, bull leaping and bull chasing. Each are different. They may have inherited this from the earlier Minoan civilization which existed in the island of Crete.

 Probably the Spaniards and Minioans shared the same culture during ancient times. We don't know. 

 Like the Spaniards, we Tamils also have a few sports involving bulls. It is collectively called as Jallikattu and there are few variations in this sport.

 There is a region in Spain known as Basque. The Basque language of Spain (and parts of France) is different from other European languages. Some scholars believe that it may be related to ancient Tamil language.

 The Basque people have a goddess named Maari. She is their goddess of weather. Similarly, we Tamils too have a goddess named Maari. She is also our goddess of weather. The Tamil word Maari is synonymous with heavy rain. 

 Maari of Basque has two sons, Atxular and Mikelatz. 
Maari of Tamils also has two sons, Muruga and Ganesa. 
(Tamil Maari is seen as a form of Sakthi)

 When Christianity entered the Basque world, the worship of native Maari was replaced with Mary. The Tamils who converted into Christianity worship the same Mary. Despite change of religion, the cult of Maari has somehow survived in a new form. 

 The original native cult of Maari is still very popular among the Tamils who mostly remained as Hindus.

 There seem to be some connection between the people of ancient Basque-Spain-Minoa and the Tamils. Hopefully some day, with the blessings of Maari, we will find the missing link.

 (Pictures taken from Google. Credit goes to various people who uploaded them)

Bull Leaping

Bull Fighting

Bull Chasing

Bull Leaping

Minoan Bull Leaping

Minoan Bull Leaping

Minoan Bull Leaping

Jallikattu

Jallikattu

Jallikattu

PROOF POSITIVE: A seal made of stone, found at Mohenjodaro, depicting “jallikattu” (bull-baiting) that was prevalent in the Indus Civilisation. The seal, about 4,000 years old, is on display at the National Museum, New Delhi.

ROCK CUT: A painting of bull chasing on a massive rock surface at Karikkiyur in the Nilgiris. These pictures, according to specialists in rock art, are dateable to 2,000 B.C. to 1,500 B.C. Karikkiyur is the biggest rock art site in south India, with the rock surface teeming with about 500 paintings.

The stone sculpture depicting a bull taming event at Salem District Museum

Maari of Basque

Maari of the Tamils

Comments

  1. UnknownMonday, 19 January, 2015

    Very useful research about the ancient history of tamils and also proves the lemuria continent is the origin place of all peoples and all are moved from there only.
    Thk u.Pl continue it

    ReplyDelete
  2. Sharmalan ThevarTuesday, 20 January, 2015

    Thank you. I don't believe in the existence of Lemuria, an imaginary continent which connected South India, Africa and Australia. I believe in the existence of Kumari, a chain of islands stretching from South India covering Maldives.

    ReplyDelete
  3. UnknownWednesday, 23 September, 2015

    Good work sar, keep it up. And, believing "something" depends on the degree of the knowledge of "something". Kumari existed at a point in time in the past, exposed partly by Graham Hancock. So could be Lemuria, it might have existed further back in time, technology would bring it up.

    ReplyDelete

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